Levililer 5

¹Eğer bir can günah işler ve tanıklık etmesi için yapılan bir yeminin sesini duyduğu halde, olayı görmüş ya da ortak bilgiye sahip bir tanık olarak bunu bildirmezse, günahının sorumluluğunu kendisi üstlenecektir.

²Veya bir can herhangi bir kirli şeye, ister kendiliğinden ölmüş bir yaban hayvanının leşine, ister kirli bir vahşi hayvan tarafından parçalanmış leşe, ister kirli sürüngenlerin leşlerine, isterse kirli evcil hayvanların leşlerine dokunursa,

³ya da bir insanın kirliliğine, kendisini kirletecek herhangi bir kirliliğine dokunur da bu durum kendisinden gizli kalır ve sonradan bunun farkına varıp kusurlu duruma düşerse,

⁴veya bir can, bir insanın yeminle açıkça belirtebileceği herhangi bir konuda, dudaklarıyla açıkça telaffuz ederek kötü ya da iyi bir şey yapmaya ant içer de bu durum gözünün önünden gizlenirse ve sonradan bunun farkına varıp bu konulardan birinde günah işlediğini anlarsa,

⁵bu konulardan birinde günah işlediğinde, ona karşı işlediği günahı açıkça itiraf etmelidir.

⁶Kusurlu davrandığı şeylerden ötürü Rabbe bir sunu getirmelidir; işlediği günah için sürüden dişi bir hayvan, bir dişi kuzu veya keçilerden bir dişi keçi günah sunusu olarak sunulmalıdır. Kâhin, işlediği günahtan ötürü onun için kefaret edecek ve günahı kendisine bağışlanacaktır.

⁷Eğer gücü bir koyun almaya yetmiyorsa, işlediği günaha karşılık Rabbe iki kumru ya da iki güvercin yavrusu getirmelidir; biri günah sunusu, diğeri ise yakmalık sunu olacaktır.

⁸Bunları kâhine getirecek, kâhin de önce günah sunusu olanı sunacaktır; onun başını boyun kemiğinden tırnağıyla koparacak ama gövdesini tamamen ikiye ayırmayacaktır.

⁹Günah sunusunun kanından sunağın duvarı üzerine serpecek, kanın geri kalanını ise sunağın kaidesine süzüp akıtacaktır; çünkü bu bir günah sunusudur.

¹⁰İkincisini ise usulüne uygun olarak bütünüyle yakılan sunu yapacaktır. Kâhin, onun işlediği günahtan ötürü onun için kefaret edecek ve günahı kendisine bağışlanacaktır.

¹¹Ama eğer bir çift kumru ya da iki güvercin yavrusu bulmaya gücü yetmiyorsa, günah işlediği şey için sunu olarak günah sunusu için bir efa ince unun onda birini getirmelidir; üzerine zeytinyağı dökmemeli ve üzerine akgünlük koymamalıdır, çünkü bu bir günah sunusudur.

¹²Bunu kâhine getirecek, kâhin de ondan dolu bir avuç dolusu anma payı alarak sunağın üzerinde, Rabbe sunulan yakmalık sunuların arasında yakacaktır; bu bir günah sunusudur.

¹³Kâhin, onun bu konulardan birinde işlediği günahtan ötürü onun için kefaret edecek ve günahı kendisine bağışlanacaktır; sununun geri kalanı ise, ince un sunusunda olduğu gibi kâhine ait olacaktır.

¹⁴Ve Rab Musa'ya konuşup şöyle dedi:

¹⁵Bir can, eğer bir unutuşla kendisinden gizlenirse ve Rabbin kutsal şeylerine karşı istem dışı günah işlerse, kusuruna karşılık Rabbe sürüden kusursuz bir koç getirmelidir; bu koç, kutsalların şekeliyle gümüş şekeller değerinde olmalıdır.

¹⁶Kutsal şeylerden neyi eksilttiyse onun bedelini ödemeli, üzerine beşte birini de ekleyerek kâhine vermelidir; kâhin, kusur sunusu olan koçla onun için kefaret edecek ve günahı kendisine bağışlanacaktır.

¹⁷Ve bir can, eğer günah işler ve Rabbin yapılmamasını buyurduğu buyruklarından birine aykırı davranırsa, bunu bilmeden yapmış olsa bile kusurlu duruma düşecek ve günahının sorumluluğunu üstlenecektir.

¹⁸Kâhine, kusur sunusu olarak sürüden kusursuz, belirlenen gümüş değerinde bir koç getirmelidir; kâhin, onun bilmeden, farkında olmadan işlediği hata için kefaret edecek ve günahı kendisine bağışlanacaktır.

¹⁹Bu bir kusur sunusudur; çünkü o, Rabbin önünde kesinlikle kusurlu duruma düşmüştür.

²⁰Ve Rab Musa'ya konuşup şöyle dedi:

²¹Bir can, eğer günah işler, Rabbin buyruklarını tamamen görmezden gelerek ihmal eder ve komşusuna emanet edilen bir şey, ortaklık, gasp veya komşusuna haksızlık etme konusunda yalan söylerse,

²²ya da yitirilmiş bir şey bulup da bu konuda yalan söyler ve insanın günah işleyebileceği bu durumlardan herhangi biri hakkında haksız yere yemin ederse;

²³günah işleyip kusurlu olduğu zaman, gasp ettiği şeyi, haksızlıkla aldığı şeyi, kendisine bırakılan emaneti ya da bulduğu yitik malı geri vermelidir.

²⁴Haksız yere yemin ettiği her ne ise, onun anaparasını tamamen ödemeli ve üzerine beşte birini eklemelidir; suçunun kanıtlandığı gün bunu sahibine geri vermelidir.

²⁵Kusuruna karşılık Rabbe, sürüden kusursuz, belirlenen değerde bir koçu kusur sunusu olarak kâhine getirmelidir.

²⁶Kâhin, Rabbin önünde onun için kefaret edecek ve işlediği ve kendisiyle kusurlu duruma düştüğü bu şeylerden hangisi olursa olsun, günahı kendisine bağışlanacaktır.

¹ΕΑΝ δὲ ψυχὴ ἁμάρτῃ, καὶ ἀκούσῃ φωνὴν ὁρκισμοῦ, καὶ οὗτος μάρτυς, ἢ ἑώρακεν, ἢ σύνοιδεν, ἐὰν μὴ ἀπαγγείλῃ, λήψεται τὴν ἁμαρτίαν.

²ἡ ψυχὴ ἐκείνη, ἥτις ἐὰν ἅψηται παντὸς πράγματος ἀκαθάρτου, ἢ θνησιμαίου, ἢ θηριαλώτου ἀκαθάρτου, ἢ τῶν θνησιμαίων βδελυγμάτων τῶν ἀκαθάρτων, ἢ τῶν θνησιμαίων κτηνῶν τῶν ἀκαθάρτων,

³ἢ ἅψηται ἀπὸ ἀκαθαρσίας ἀνθρώπου, ἀπὸ πάσης ἀκαθαρσίας αὐτοῦ, ἧς ἂν ἁψάμενος μιανθῇ, καί ἔλαθεν αὐτόν, μετὰ τοῦτο δὲ γνῷ, καὶ πλημμελήσῃ·

⁴ἡ ψυχή, ἣ ἂν ὀμόσῃ διαστέλλουσα τοῖς χείλεσι κακοποιῆσαι ἢ καλῶς ποιῆσαι κατὰ πάντα, ὅσα ἐὰν διαστείλῃ ὁ ἄνθρωπος μεθ᾿ ὅρκου, καὶ λάθῃ αὐτὸν πρὸ ὀφθαλμῶν, καὶ οὗτος γνῷ, καὶ ἁμάρτῃ ἕν τι τούτων,

⁵καὶ ἐξαγορεύσει τὴν ἁμαρτίαν, περὶ ὧν ἡμάρτηκε κατ᾿ αὐτῆς,

⁶καὶ οἴσει περὶ ὧν ἐπλημμέλησε Κυρίῳ, περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας ἧς ἥμαρτε, θῆλυ ἀπὸ τῶν προβάτων, ἀμνάδα ἢ χίμαιραν ἐξ αἰγῶν, περὶ ἁμαρτίας· καὶ ἐξιλάσεται περὶ αὐτοῦ ὁ ἱερεὺς περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας αὐτοῦ, ἧς ἥμαρτε, καὶ ἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ ἡ ἁμαρτία.

⁷᾿Εὰν δὲ μὴ ἰσχύῃ ἡ χεὶρ αὐτοῦ τὸ ἱκανὸν εἰς τὸ πρόβατον, οἴσει περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας αὐτοῦ, ἧς ἥμαρτε, δύο τρυγόνας, ἢ δύο νεοσσοὺς περιστερῶν Κυρίῳ, ἕνα περὶ ἁμαρτίας καὶ ἕνα εἰς ὁλοκαύτωμα.

⁸καὶ οἴσει αὐτὰ πρὸς τὸν ἱερέα, καὶ προσάξει ὁ ἱερεὺς τὸ περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας πρότερον· καὶ ἀποκνίσει ὁ ἱερεὺς τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ τοῦ σφονδύλου, καὶ οὐ διελεῖ·

⁹καὶ ῥανεῖ ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος τοῦ περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας ἐπὶ τὸν τοῖχον τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου, τὸ δὲ κατάλοιπον τοῦ αἵματος καταστραγγιεῖ ἐπὶ τὴν βάσιν τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου· ἁμαρτία γάρ ἐστι.

¹⁰καὶ τὸ δεύτερον ποιήσει ὁλοκάρπωμα, ὡς καθήκει. καὶ ἐξιλάσεται ὁ ἱερεὺς περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας αὐτοῦ, ἧς ἥμαρτε, καὶ ἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ.

¹¹ἐὰν δὲ μὴ εὑρίσκῃ ἡ χεὶρ αὐτοῦ ζεῦγος τρυγόνων, ἢ δύο νεοσσοὺς περιστερῶν, καὶ οἴσει τὸ δῶρον αὐτοῦ, περὶ οὗ ἥμαρτε, τὸ δέκατον τοῦ οἰφὶ σεμιδάλεως περὶ ἁμαρτίας· οὐκ ἐπιχεεῖ ἐπ᾿ αὐτὸ ἔλαιον, οὐδὲ ἐπιθήσει ἐπ᾿ αὐτῷ λίβανον, ὅτι περὶ ἁμαρτίας ἐστί·

¹²καὶ οἴσει αὐτὸ πρὸς τὸν ἱερέα. καὶ δραξάμενος ὁ ἱερεὺς ἀπ᾿ αὐτῆς πλήρη τὴν δράκα, τὸ μνημόσυνον αὐτῆς ἐπιθήσει ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον τῶν ὁλοκαυτωμάτων Κυρίῳ· ἁμαρτία ἐστί.

¹³καὶ ἐξιλάσεται περὶ αὐτοῦ ὁ ἱερεὺς περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας αὐτοῦ, ἧς ἥμαρτεν, ἀφ᾿ ἑνὸς τούτων, καὶ ἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ. τὸ δὲ καταλειφθὲν ἔσται τῷ ἱερεῖ, ὡς ἡ θυσία τῆς σεμιδάλεως.

¹⁴Καὶ ἐλάλησε Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν, λέγων·

¹⁵ψυχὴ ἣ ἂν λάθῃ αὐτὸν λήθῃ καὶ ἁμάρτῃ ἀκουσίως ἀπὸ τῶν ἁγίων Κυρίου, καὶ οἴσει τῆς πλημμελείας αὐτοῦ τῷ Κυρίῳ κριὸν ἄμωμον ἐκ τῶν προβάτων, τιμῆς ἀργυρίου σίκλων, τῷ σίκλῳ τῶν ἁγίων, περὶ οὗ ἐπλημμέλησε.

¹⁶καὶ ὃ ἥμαρτεν ἀπὸ τῶν ἁγίων ἀποτίσει αὐτό. καὶ τὸ ἐπίπεμπτον προσθήσει ἐπ᾿ αὐτὸ καὶ δώσει αὐτὸ τῷ ἱερεῖ· καὶ ὁ ἱερεὺς ἐξιλάσεται περὶ αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ κριῷ τῆς πλημμελείας, καὶ ἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ.

¹⁷Καὶ ἡ ψυχὴ ἣ ἂν ἁμάρτῃ καὶ ποιήσῃ μίαν ἀπὸ πασῶν τῶν ἐντολῶν Κυρίου, ὧν οὐ δεῖ ποιεῖν, καὶ οὐκ ἔγνω, καὶ πλημμελήσῃ καὶ λάβῃ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν,

¹⁸καὶ οἴσει κριὸν ἄμωμον ἐκ τῶν προβάτων, τιμῆς ἀργυρίου εἰς πλημμέλειαν πρὸς τὸν ἱερέα. καὶ ἐξιλάσεται περὶ αὐτοῦ ὁ ἱερεὺς περὶ τῆς ἀγνοίας αὐτοῦ, ἧς ἠγνόησε, καὶ αὐτὸς οὐκ ᾔδει, καὶ ἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ·

¹⁹ἐπλημμέλησε γὰρ πλημμελείᾳ ἔναντι Κυρίου.

²⁰Καὶ ἐλάλησε Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν λέγων·

²¹ψυχὴ ἣ ἐὰν ἁμάρτῃ καὶ παριδὼν παρίδῃ τὰς ἐντολὰς Κυρίου καὶ ψεύσηται τὰ πρὸς τὸν πλησίον ἐν παραθήκῃ ἢ περὶ κοινωνίας ἢ περὶ ἁρπαγῆς ἢ ἠδίκησέ τι τὸν πλησίον

²²ἢ εὗρεν ἀπώλειαν καὶ ψεύσηται περὶ αὐτῆς καὶ ὀμόσῃ ἀδίκως περὶ ἑνὸς ἀπὸ πάντων, ὧν ἐὰν ποιήσῃ ὁ ἄνθρωπος, ὥστε ἁμαρτεῖν ἐν τούτοις,

²³καὶ ἔσται ἡνίκα ἐὰν ἁμάρτῃ καὶ πλημμελήσῃ, καὶ ἀποδῷ τὸ ἅρπαγμα, ὃ ἥρπασεν, ἢ τὸ ἀδίκημα, ὃ ἠδίκησεν, ἢ τὴν παραθήκην, ἥτις παρετέθη αὐτῷ, ἢ τὴν ἀπώλειαν, ἣν εὗρεν,

²⁴ἀπὸ παντὸς πράγματος, οὗ ὤμοσε περὶ αὐτοῦ ἀδίκως, καὶ ἀποτίσει αὐτὸ τὸ κεφάλαιον καὶ τὸ ἐπίπεμπτον προσθήσει ἐπ᾿ αὐτό· τίνος ἐστίν, αὐτῷ ἀποδώσει ᾗ ἡμέρᾳ ἐλεγχθῇ.

²⁵καὶ τῆς πλημμελείας αὐτοῦ οἴσει τῷ Κυρίῳ κριὸν ἀπὸ τῶν προβάτων ἄμωμον, τιμῆς, εἰς ὃ ἐπλημμέλησε.

²⁶καὶ ἐξιλάσεται περὶ αὐτοῦ ὁ ἱερεὺς ἔναντι Κυρίου, καὶ ἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ περὶ ἑνὸς ἀπὸ πάντων, ὧν ἐποίησε καὶ ἐπλημμέλησεν αὐτῷ. * Leviticus 5:20-26 (Rahlfs) = Leviticus 6:1-6 (Brenton)

¹And if a soul sin, and hear the voice of swearing, and he is a witness or has seen or been conscious, if he do not report it, he shall bear his iniquity.

²That soul which shall touch any unclean thing, or carcase, or [that which is] unclean being taken of beasts, or the dead bodies of abominable [reptiles] which are unclean, or carcases of unclean cattle,

³or should touch the uncleanness of a man, or whatever kind, which he may touch and be defiled by, and it should have escaped him, but afterwards he should know,-- then he shall have transgressed.

⁴That unrighteous soul, which determines with his lips to do evil or to do good according to whatsoever a man may determine with an oath, and it shall have escaped his notice, and he shall [afterwards] know [it], and [so] he should sin in some one of these things:

⁵-- then shall he declare his sin in the things wherein he has sinned by that sin.

⁶And he shall bring for his transgressions against the Lord, for his sin which he has sinned, a ewe lamb of the flock, or a kid of the goats, for a sin-offering; and the priest shall make an atonement for him for his sin which he has sinned, and his sin shall be forgiven him.

⁷And if he cannot afford a sheep, he shall bring for his sin which he has sinned, two turtle-doves or two young pigeons to the Lord; one for a sin-offering, and the other for a burnt-offering.

⁸And he shall bring them to the priest, and the priest shall bring the sin-offering first; and the priest shall pinch off the head from the neck, and shall not divide the body.

⁹And he shall sprinkle of the blood of the sin-offering on the side of the altar, but the rest of the blood he shall drop at the foot of the altar, for it is a sin-offering.

¹⁰And he shall make the second a whole-burnt-offering, as it is fit; and the priest shall make atonement for his sin which he has sinned, and it shall be forgiven him.

¹¹And if he cannot afford a pair of turtle-doves, or two young pigeons, then shall he bring as his gift for his sin, the tenth part of an ephah of fine flour for a sin-offering; he shall not pour oil upon it, nor shall he put frankincense upon it, because it is a sin-offering.

¹²And he shall bring it to the priest; and the priest having taken a handful of it, shall lay the memorial of it on the altar of whole-burnt-offerings to the Lord; it is a sin-offering.

¹³And the priest shall make atonement for him for his sin, which he has sinned in one of these things, and it shall be forgiven him; and that which is left shall be the priest’s, as an offering of fine flour.

¹⁴And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,

¹⁵The soul which shall be really unconscious, and shall sin unwillingly in any of the holy things of the Lord, shall even bring to the Lord for his transgression, a ram of the flock without blemish, valued according to shekels of silver according to the shekel of the sanctuary, for his [transgression] wherein he transgressed.

¹⁶And he shall make compensation for that wherein he has sinned in the holy things; and he shall add the fifth part to it, and give it to the priest; and the priest shall make atonement for him with the ram of transgression, and [his sin] shall be forgiven him.

¹⁷And the soul which shall sin, and do one thing [against] any of the commandments of the Lord, which it is not right to do, and has not known it, and shall have transgressed, and shall have contracted guilt,

¹⁸he shall even bring a ram without blemish from the flock, [valued] at a price of silver for his transgression to the priest; and the priest shall make atonement for his trespass of ignorance, wherein he ignorantly trespassed, and he knew it not; and it shall be forgiven him.

¹⁹For he has surely been guilty of transgression before the Lord. [*]

²⁰And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,

²¹The soul which shall have sinned, and willfully overlooked the commandments of the Lord, and shall have dealt falsely in the affairs of his neighbour in the matter of a deposit, or concerning fellowship, or concerning plunder, or has in anything wronged his neighbour,

²²or has found that which was lost, and shall have lied concerning it, and shall have sworn unjustly concerning [any] one of all the things, whatsoever a man may do, so as to sin hereby;

²³it shall come to pass, whensoever he shall have sinned, and transgressed, that he shall restore the plunder which he has seized, or [redress] the injury which he has committed, or restore the deposit which was entrusted to him, or the lost article which he has found of any kind,

²⁴about which he swore unjustly, he shall even restore it in full; and he shall add to it a fifth part besides; he shall restore it to him whose it is in the day in which he happens to be convicted.

²⁵And he shall bring to the Lord for his trespass, a ram of the flock, without blemish, of value to the amount of the thing in which he trespassed.

²⁶And the priest shall make atonement for him before the Lord, and he shall be forgiven for any one of all the things which he did and trespassed in it.